Port Trusts

India’s major port trusts are located in or near cities or urban centres. Some of Port Trust’s land is not being used, i.e. surplus. India has 13 Major Ports. Twelve are organised under the Major Ports Trust Act (1963). Major Port Trusts report to the central Ministry of Shipping. Frequent controversy arise because of land use and land leasing of the Ports. In addition to the Major Ports, there are some 200 state-government and private ports. Both the private port sector and minor ports are growing faster.

The Bombay Port Trust was established in 1873; the Calcutta Port Trust was established in 1890. The old ports are poorly suited for today’s needs. They are over-staffed by such measures as worker-days per container ship handled or worker-days per 100 tons of bulk cargo (Rajasekar and Deo, 2011). Dock facilities often are mis-matched with today’s mix of cargo, with berths specialized for handling cargo that figured more prominently in shipping decades ago. 2 Kolkata Port Trust, for example, has more than 30,000 pensioners, and a pension fund deficit of 3,000 crore.

Landholding - The Major Ports hold more than 250,000 acres of public land. The largest part of the total consists of tidal land at Kandla Port

In 2010, the Land Policy for Major Ports, developed by inter-ministerial committee and administered by the Shipping Ministry. This Policy amends the Major Ports Land Policy established in 2004. It was shaped in part by Supreme Court rulings regarding leasing rates for commercial land leased by Major Ports. In July 2012 the Policy was further modified by central government instruction to limit local Port Trust Boards discretion in land allocation. Although the 2010 Land Policy represents a major step forward in port land management, it has shortcomings that have led to various disputes. Many The case studies reveal several examples of favoritism in land allocation. Another issue has concerned the amount of power that should be given to local Port Trust Boards for long-term alienation of public land, either through long-term lease or sale. The 2010 regulations allow Major Port Trust Boards to enter into 30-year land leases on their own.

Major Ports	Occupied Land
Paradip	534 Acres
Visakhapatnam	587 Acres
Ennore	1,047 Acres
Mumbai	1859 Acres
Chennai	2035 Acres
Tuticorin	2132 Acres
Cochin	2353 Acres
New Manglore	2928 Acres
Mormugao	6382 Acres
Jawaharlal Nehru	7576 Acres
Kolkata	3000 Acres
Haldia	7000 Acres
Kandla	220416 Acres
Total	257,000 Acres